HTML Version Copyright 1995-2025 Daniel B. Evans. All rights reserved.
(Current through September 2025)
The § 7520 rate is used to discount the value of annuities, life estates, and remainders to present value, and is revised monthly. It is equal to 120% of the applicable federal mid-term rate under I.R.C. § 1274(d), but rounded to the nearest two-tenths of a percent.
Normally, the § 7520 rate for the month in which the gift or death occurs is used to calculated the gift or estate tax value of the annuity, life estate, or remainder. However, the income, gift, or estate tax value of a charitable life estate or remainder can be determined using the rate for the month in which the gift or death occurs or a rate for either of the two preceding months.
The § 7520 rate for a calendar month is usually announced by the Internal Revenue Service in the form of a Revenue Ruling that is released around the 18th of the preceding month. The following is a chart of the rates that have been announced by the IRS:
| Jan. | Feb. | Mar. | Apr. | May | Jun. | Jul. | Aug. | Sep. | Oct. | Nov. | Dec. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1989 | NA | NA | 11.2%* | 11.6%* | 11.6% | 11.2% | 10.6% | 10.0% | 9.6% | 10.2% | 10.0% | 9.8% |
| 1990 | 9.6% | 9.8% | 10.2% | 10.6% | 10.6% | 11.0% | 10.6% | 10.4% | 10.2% | 10.6% | 10.6% | 10.2% |
| 1991 | 9.8% | 9.6% | 9.4% | 9.6% | 9.6% | 9.6% | 9.6% | 9.8% | 9.6% | 9.0% | 8.6% | 8.4% |
| 1992 | 8.2% | 7.6% | 8.0% | 8.4% | 8.6% | 8.4% | 8.2% | 7.8% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.8% | 7.4% |
| 1993 | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.0% | 6.6% | 6.6% | 6.4% | 6.6% | 6.4% | 6.4% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 6.2% |
| 1994 | 6.4% | 6.4% | 6.4% | 7.0% | 7.8% | 8.4% | 8.2% | 8.4% | 8.4% | 8.6% | 9.0% | 9.4% |
| 1995 | 9.6% | 9.6% | 9.4% | 8.8% | 8.6% | 8.2% | 7.6% | 7.2% | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.4% | 7.2% |
| 1996 | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.6% | 7.0% | 7.6% | 8.0% | 8.2% | 8.2% | 8.0% | 8.0% | 8.0% | 7.6% |
| 1997 | 7.4% | 7.6% | 7.8% | 7.8% | 8.2% | 8.2% | 8.0% | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.4% | 7.2% |
| 1998 | 7.2% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 7.0% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.6% | 6.2% | 5.4% | 5.4% |
| 1999 | 5.6% | 5.6% | 5.8% | 6.4% | 6.2% | 6.4% | 7.0% | 7.2% | 7.2% | 7.2% | 7.4% | 7.4% |
| 2000 | 7.4% | 8.0% | 8.2% | 8.0% | 7.8% | 8.0% | 8.0% | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.4% | 7.2% | 7.0% |
| 2001 | 6.8% | 6.2% | 6.2% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 6.0% | 6.2% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.0% | 4.8% |
| 2002 | 5.4% | 5.6% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 4.2% | 3.6% | 4.0% |
| 2003 | 4.2% | 4.0% | 3.8% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 3.6% | 3.0% | 3.2% | 4.2% | 4.4% | 4.0% | 4.2% |
| 2004 | 4.2% | 4.2% | 4.0% | 3.8% | 3.8% | 4.6% | 5.0% | 4.8% | 4.6% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 4.2% |
| 2005 | 4.6% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 5.0% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 4.6% | 4.8% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.4% |
| 2006 | 5.4% | 5.2% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 5.8% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 6.2% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.8% |
| 2007 | 5.6% | 5.6% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.6% | 5.6% | 6.0% | 6.2% | 5.8% | 5.2% | 5.2% | 5.0% |
| 2008 | 4.4% | 4.2% | 3.6% | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.8% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 3.8% | 3.6% | 3.4% |
| 2009 | 2.4% | 2.0% | 2.4% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.8% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.2% | 3.2% |
| 2010 | 3.0% | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.2% | 3.4% | 3.2% | 2.8% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 1.8% |
| 2011 | 2.4% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.0% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.6% |
| 2012 | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.2% |
| 2013 | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.4% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.4% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
| 2014 | 2.2% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.0% |
| 2015 | 2.2% | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
| 2016 | 2.2% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.6% | 1.6% | 1.8% |
| 2017 | 2.4% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.4% | 2.4% | 2.2% | 2.4% | 2.6% |
| 2018 | 2.6% | 2.8% | 3.0% | 3.2% | 3.2% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.4% | 3.6% | 3.6% |
| 2019 | 3.4% | 3.2% | 3.2% | 3.0% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.6% | 2.2% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
| 2020 | 2.0% | 2.2% | 1.8% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
| 2021 | 0.6% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.2% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 1.4% | 1.6% |
| 2022 | 1.6% | 1.6% | 2.0% | 2.2% | 3.0% | 3.6% | 3.6% | 3.8% | 3.6% | 4.0% | 4.8% | 5.2% |
| 2023 | 4.6% | 4.6% | 4.4% | 5.0% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 4.6% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 5.8% |
| 2024 | 5.2% | 4.8% | 5.0% | 5.2% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 4.4% | 4.4% | 5.0% |
| 2025 | 5.2% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 4.8% | 4.8% |
* The rates shown for March and April of 1989 exist only for charitable transfers in May or June of 1989 because the donor may elect to apply a rate from one of the preceding two months. See Notice 89-60, 1989-1 C.B. 700, for details. Transfers actually made in March or April of 1989 are not valued using the rates shown above but using the 10% discount rate that applied before the effective date of section 7520. See Treas. Reg. section 20.2031-7A(d).
Before 1989, life estates, remainders, and annuities were valued as follows:
- From 12/1/1983 to 4/30/1989, based on a rate of 10 percent and a unisex mortality table that was known as either Table CM (in one publication) or Table LN (in the regulations). You can find tables of factors for single life and term interests, as well as Table LN, at Treas. Reg. § 20.2031-7A(d)(6).
- From 1/1/1971 through 11/30/1983, based on a rate of 6 percent and using a different mortality table, also known as Table LN, that showed mortality factors for males and females separately.
- From 1/1/1952 through 12/31/1970, based on a rate of 3.5% and U.S. Life Table 38 (which was also gender-specific).
- Before 1/1/1952, based on a rate of 4% and a still older mortality table (which was also gender-specific).
See Treas. Reg. § 20.2031-7A for additional information.